13 Vascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Overview Defined as >50% dilation of the vessel’s normal size 90% AAAs are infrarenal Average growth of 3 to 4 mm/yr Rupture risk directly…

8 Large Bowel Diverticular Diseases Overview Diverticula are outpouchings of the mucosa through the colonic wall. Usually located at the area of colonic wall that is traversed by arterioles (vasa…

12 Trauma Traumatic Brain Injury Overview Head CT indications in the trauma setting: GCS <15 two hours after injury or any GCS deterioration Suspected skull fractures Signs of basal skull…

3 Stomach Gastric Neoplasms Overview Adenocarcinoma (>90%), gastric lymphoma (∼3% to 5%), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (∼3%) Clinical Presentation Weight loss, early satiety, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting Dysphagia if tumor…

7 Small Bowel Small Bowel Obstruction Overview Most commonly due to adhesions (70%) or incarceration of bowel within a hernia Other etiologies include small bowel tumor, volvulus, intussusception, and strictures…

6 Pancreas Acute Pancreatitis Overview The two most common causes are gallstones and alcohol Other etiologies include iatrogenic (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP]), drugs, trauma, neoplasm, hypercalcemia, hypertriglyceridemia, infections, idiopathic Signs…

5 Liver Pyogenic Abscess Spread via: • Biliary system (obstruction) Most common For example: cholangiocarcinoma, CBD stone • Hematogenous spread For example: appendicitis, diverticulitis Single abscess or multiple abscesses More…