Vascular

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Vascular

13 Vascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Overview Defined as >50% dilation of the vessel’s normal size 90% AAAs are infrarenal Average growth of 3 to 4 mm/yr Rupture risk directly…

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Large Bowel

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Large Bowel

8 Large Bowel Diverticular Diseases Overview Diverticula are outpouchings of the mucosa through the colonic wall. Usually located at the area of colonic wall that is traversed by arterioles (vasa…

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Trauma

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Trauma

12 Trauma Traumatic Brain Injury Overview Head CT indications in the trauma setting: GCS <15 two hours after injury or any GCS deterioration Suspected skull fractures Signs of basal skull…

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Stomach

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Stomach

3 Stomach Gastric Neoplasms Overview Adenocarcinoma (>90%), gastric lymphoma (∼3% to 5%), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (∼3%) Clinical Presentation Weight loss, early satiety, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting Dysphagia if tumor…

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Small Bowel

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Small Bowel

7 Small Bowel Small Bowel Obstruction Overview Most commonly due to adhesions (70%) or incarceration of bowel within a hernia Other etiologies include small bowel tumor, volvulus, intussusception, and strictures…

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Pancreas

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Pancreas

6 Pancreas Acute Pancreatitis Overview The two most common causes are gallstones and alcohol Other etiologies include iatrogenic (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP]), drugs, trauma, neoplasm, hypercalcemia, hypertriglyceridemia, infections, idiopathic Signs…

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Liver

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Liver

5 Liver Pyogenic Abscess Spread via: • Biliary system (obstruction) Most common For example: cholangiocarcinoma, CBD stone • Hematogenous spread For example: appendicitis, diverticulitis Single abscess or multiple abscesses More…

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Hernias

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Hernias

2Hernias Hernias occur when there is an anatomical defect or an area that is weakened, allowing abdominal contents such as small bowel, omentum, etc. to herniate. KEY POINTS The most…

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Esophagus

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Esophagus

1 Esophagus Esophageal Carcinoma Overview Adenocarcinoma • Most common esophageal cancer in the United States • More common in the lower third of the esophagus Squamous cell carcinoma • Most…

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Kidney

Dec 27, 2016 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Kidney

10 Kidney Renal Cyst Overview Usually benign and found in population over the age of 50 years Signs and Symptoms Usually asymptomatic and incidentally found on imaging Diagnosis CT, ultrasound,…

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