Radiology Key

Fig. 14.1 Distribution and frequency of NETs It is clear that both patients and practitioners need a heightened awareness of the symptoms of the condition that can often masquerade as other…

Fig. 12.1 Tijeras-Raballand—overview of the mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to antiangiogenic agents Primary resistance may be due to the fact that some tumors produce redundant pro-angiogenic factors besides VEGF…

Clinical features Frequency % Mediators Flushing 85–90 Kallikreine, histamine, 5-HT, prostaglandins, substance P • Pink/red/purple • Face, neck, upper chest • Limited duration Diarrhea 70 Gastrin, 5-HT, prostaglandins, histamine, vasoactive intestinal…

Fig. 11.1 Representative MR imaging aspects of liver metastases of well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Lesions present with a hyperintensity on T2-weighted images (a) and hypointensity on fat-saturated T1-weighted images (b). After…

Fig. 7.1 45-year-old man with small bowel neuroendocrine tumor, with left hepatectomy for liver metastasis. a Axial CT scan (arterial phase) shows new metastatic liver lesion in the remnant right liver….

Fig. 1.1 Patient with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: Octreoscan® SPECT-CT showed liver metastases Despite greater sensitivity, limitations of Octreoscan® scintigraphy should be noted. The methodology clearly influenced the sensitivity of the examination….

Fig. 4.1 Schematic representation of the main molecular mechanisms involved in the antisecretory effects of somatostatin analogs. cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate; Gi G inhibitory protein; SST somatostatin; PKA protein kinase A…

Fig. 9.1 PNET angiogenesis. Angiogenesis in PNET is primarily made from endothelial cells covered by pericytes. Endothelial cells are dependent on VEGF and VEGFR for maintenance and survival. Pericytes are dependent…

Fig. 3.1 Target pathways for antiangiogenic therapy in NETs. Image depicts the cellular and molecular components that drive angiogenesis in NETs (tumor cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and extracellular matrix). Furthermore, in…