Radiology Key

(7.1) where r is the average displacement and D is the diffusion coefficient. A typical value for the brain is D = 0.001 mm2/s. One of the primary clinical applications…

Fig. 20.1 Pneumococcal meningoencephalitis in a 57-year-old patient. (a) Axial FLAIR and (b) axial T2 TSE images show hyperintensity of right frontoparietal gray matter and leptomeningeal spaces. (c) b1000 DWI…

  DSC DCE ASL Full term Dynamic susceptibility contrast Dynamic contrast enhanced Arterial spin labeling Bolus handling Bolus tracking Bolus passage Bolus tagging Acquisition point First pass of contrast agent…

Fig. 21.1 An example of 3D reconstruction. Activation maps are superimposed on the high-quality volumetric acquisition, giving a better opportunity to localize eloquent areas. MPR projections are also shown 21.7…

Fig. 10.1 Arterial spin labeling basic principle. The magnetization of water protons is inverted within a thick slab covering feeding arteries at the base of the head. After a time…

Fig. 14.1 SE T1: comparison between images acquired in the same patient at 3.0 T (Allegra, Siemens) (a left) and 1.5 T (Vision, Siemens) (b right). The thin extra-axial right…

is the ratio of induced magnetization to the source field and μ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum. Although the distinction between source and induced magnetic field tends to…

Fig. 15.1 Small hyperacute stroke. The standard MR study (T2 FSE) is negative (a). The DWI image shows a hyperintense left subcortical parietal ischaemic focus (b) Also in MR studies,…

Fig. 23.1 The evolution of MR images over time. In 1974, the first image of a small animal was obtained by Lauterbur using a technique called zeugmatography at that time….

Fig. 17.1 Representation of anatomical and functional changes occurring in patients with PD. Alterations are observed at three levels: I mesencephalic (EPI diffusion-weighted image), II basal ganglia (spin-echo T2-weighted image)…