Respiratory diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality among children throughout the world. Although diseases attributed to parasitic infection are uncommon for many physicians in temperate climates, these infections…
Sharing the same body cavity, the heart and lungs are closely interconnected by the pulmonary vasculature. An increase or decrease in pulmonary vascular pressures leads to changes in the blood…
Pulmonary complications are a common side effect of pediatric hematologic and oncologic disorders and their treatment. Respiratory signs and symptoms can be the presenting manifestations of several types of pediatric…
This chapter addresses the pulmonary involvement observed in gastrointestinal diseases, particularly gastroesophageal reflux (GER), Heiner syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), and pancreatitis. Although the purported mechanisms…
The pulmonary vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of primary or secondary diseases, in which there is inflammation that may lead to progressive destruction of the pulmonary microvasculature. Pulmonary involvement may…
Arthritis is the most commonly recognized manifestation of rheumatic disease, but pulmonary manifestations can occur in nearly all disorders and are found in various age groups in children. Symptoms of…
Although hormones and growth factors have an influence on the proliferation of lung tissue, especially during early development, there are no significant alterations in lung function or respiratory morbidity associated…
Children with neuromuscular disorders have primarily ventilation rather than oxygenation impairment as a result of inspiratory muscle insufficiency. When the respiratory muscles are not assisted, this leads to hypercapnic ventilatory…
The relationships between the kidneys and the lungs are clinically important ones in health and disease. This chapter first reviews the role of the kidney in fetal lung development and…
Infection in an immunocompromised child presents many diagnostic challenges. In patients with primary immunodeficiencies, the clinician is often faced with the difficulty of not only diagnosing the infectious agent in…
