Key Points ▪ Bioprostheses may develop transvalvar or perivalvar insufficiency, and mechanical prostheses may develop thrombotic or pannus-mediated obstruction or paravalvar insufficiency. ▪ The consequences of valve prosthesis dysfunction may…
Key Points ▪ Radiographically apparent aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonic valve prostheses can all be identified and localized by chest radiography. Older mechanical and biological valves were easy to identify because…
Key Points ▪ The lateral chest radiograph is particularly useful for the recognition of specific chamber enlargement (other than that of the right atrium) for the recognition of the valve…
Key Points ▪ The chest radiograph allows for determination of overall heart size assessment as well as of some degree of specific chamber size assessment. ▪ On the chest radiograph,…
Key Points ▪ The components of the left and right-sided mediastinal and cardiac silhouettes should be committed to memory in detail, as should the frontal projections and the locations and…
Key Points General points to uphold in the approach to the chest radiograph, before reviewing the film for cardiovascular detail, include the following: ▪ Review the indication for the radiograph…
Oral Cavity, Pharynx, and Suprahyoid Neck Axial 1 Normal Anatomy Note the enhancement of the mucosal surfaces of the aerodigestive tract on the lower magnetic resonance (MR) image in Axial…
Cranial Nerve I Axial 1 Normal Anatomy The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve (CN) I, is the first of 12 cranial nerves and provides innervation for the sense of smell….
Hypopharynx, Larynx, and Infrahyoid Neck Axial 1 Diagnostic Consideration Axial 1 on the next page shows both a T2-weighted sequence (upper image) and a T1-weighted image (lower). Note that cerebrospinal…
