Hepatic Adenoma
Almost all in young women with high estrogen environment, including steatosis and oral contraceptive use Anabolic steroids, diabetes, and glycogen storage disease are other causes • Key features (not always present):…
Imaging of Bariatric Surgery
Complications: Less common and less varied May be too tight or too loose May erode into stomach or esophagus • Sleeve gastrectomy (gastric sleeve) 75% of stomach is removed by dividing…
Crohn Disease
Faster to perform, less operator dependent, more sensitive and specific Allow assessment of extraintestinal disease Distend bowel with water ± neutral contrast agent (e.g., VoLumen) Bolus IV contrast medium at 3-4…
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Syndromic tumors: Small in size (usually < 3 cm) Nonsyndromic tumors usually much larger (> 5 cm) with frequent cystic and necrotic degeneration • Usually avidly enhancing on arterial phase images…
Metastatic Melanoma
Most common sites of metastases: Skin, lymph nodes (75%), lung (70%), liver (58%), CNS (54%), GI tract (40%) Most common sites in abdomen: Liver and small bowel • Melanoma metastases are…
Gallstones and Sludge
Choledocholithiasis: Stones within common bile duct (CBD) • Sludge: Suspension of particulate material/bile in gallbladder (GB) IMAGING • Gallstones Ultrasound: Brightly echogenic nodule with marked posterior acoustic shadowing – Mobile with “twinkling” on…
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
May simulate a large neoplasm within caudate lobe • Intrahepatic and systemic venous collaterals bypass obstructed hepatic veins and IVC Spider web pattern of hepatic venous collaterals on CT, MR, angiography…
Gastric Carcinoma
Polypoid or circumferential mass with no peristalsis through lesion • Best imaging tool Double-contrast upper GI series, CECT, EUS TOP DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES • Normal variant • Benign gastric (peptic) ulcer • Gastritis • Gastric metastases…
Pancreatic IPMN
Well-defined cystic lesion with variable morphology: Unilocular, multicystic, or tubular Communication with adjacent main pancreatic duct is key to diagnosis (may be more visible on MR than CT) Dilatation of…
Diverticulitis
Multiple colonic diverticula and colonic wall thickening Inflammation of pericolonic fat (stranding) Thickened base of sigmoid mesocolon Engorged mesocolic blood vessels “Microperforation”: Small bubbles of pericolonic gas • More complicated diverticulitis More…
