Radiology Key

Anatomy Year Reference Intracranial tumor resection 1993 [4] Spinal pedicle screw placement 1995 [5] Hip replacement surgery 1998 [6] Bronchoscopy 2001 [7] Craniomaxillofacial surgery 2010 [8] Heart and coronary arteries…

Fig. 51.1 Potential UKA placement errors that can occur in coronal plane Appropriate patient selection and well-designed, accurately implanted prosthetic components have proven to be critical. It is proposed that…

Fig. 50.1 A typical setup for navigation using a C-arm is shown. The therapeutic object is positioned on the operating table, and dynamic reference bases (DRB) are affixed. The C-arm…

Fig. 35.1 Brain deformation. After removal of an intraventricular lesion, the brain surface collapses and opens the view onto the frontal skull base. Note the bridging veins, tethering portions of…

Fig. 58.1 Electromagnetic (EM) position sensors are attached to the head of the endoscope, and a tracker system is used to provide position and orientation signals to the computer. These…

Intrinsic parameters Camera calibration Focal length f c Optical center in the image plane c c Distortion parameters (radial and tangential) k c Extrinsic parameters Hand-eye calibration Orientation w.r.t. world…

Fig. 16.1 Historical overview of development of optical imaging into the clinic. The first contrast agents were used by Moore et al. between 1940 and 1950. Other milestones of optical…

Fig. 37.1 T2 MRI (a), slice segmentation (b) and resulting three-dimensional reconstruction of left frontal glioma (c) Therefore, exact segmentation of tumor boundaries is practically not possible with current imaging…

Fig. 10.1 An example of B-mode ultrasound image of the liver with an enhancing mass Ultrasound transducers are available in a wide variety of form factors and frequency ranges. Standard…

Fig. 46.1 (a) Screenshot of the neuroArm human-machine interface showing the integration of 3D magnetic resonance images with surgical planning (blue cone) and robotic tools (blue and off-white) to target…