Intrinsic parameters Camera calibration Focal length f c Optical center in the image plane c c Distortion parameters (radial and tangential) k c Extrinsic parameters Hand-eye calibration Orientation w.r.t. world…
Fig. 16.1 Historical overview of development of optical imaging into the clinic. The first contrast agents were used by Moore et al. between 1940 and 1950. Other milestones of optical…
Fig. 37.1 T2 MRI (a), slice segmentation (b) and resulting three-dimensional reconstruction of left frontal glioma (c) Therefore, exact segmentation of tumor boundaries is practically not possible with current imaging…
Fig. 10.1 An example of B-mode ultrasound image of the liver with an enhancing mass Ultrasound transducers are available in a wide variety of form factors and frequency ranges. Standard…
Fig. 46.1 (a) Screenshot of the neuroArm human-machine interface showing the integration of 3D magnetic resonance images with surgical planning (blue cone) and robotic tools (blue and off-white) to target…
Fig. 11.1 (a) A 16 × 16 2-D CMUT array flip-chip bonded on the first-generation custom front-end integrated circuit. (b) The synthetic aperture 3-D image of a wire phantom. (c) A 16 × 16…
Fig. 19.1 This figure slows the geographic distribution and cumulative number of partial and full downloads of Slicer 4 in early spring 2012. 3D Slicer has a large number of…
Fig. 53.1 Three hybrid X-ray/MRI (XMR) system concepts. (a) First-generation XMR system. (b) Truly hybrid XMR system. (c) Closed-bore (CBXMR) system XMR System Requirements Table 53.1 lists the X-ray system…
Fig. 26.1 (a) A 125I radioactive implant using sources in suture material is stitched into an absorbable mesh to simplify placement of radioactive sources in the tumor bed after resection…
Fig. 31.1 MRI-compatible robot developed for 0.5-T open-configuration MRI scanner (Figure courtesy of Dr. Kiyoyuki Chinzei, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan) Surgical Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided…
