Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immunologically mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that typically occurs after a viral infection or recent vaccination, and is most commonly seen…
Childhood transverse myelitis is an acute inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord with a risk of permanent disability. A timely and accurate diagnosis is imperative, and the radiologist needs to…
In this article, the pathobiological, clinical, and treatment aspects of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (MS) are summarized, and the conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (ie, T1-weighted, proton-density, and T2-weighted imaging) features…
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has allowed in vivo demonstration of axonal architecture and connectivity. This technique has set the stage for numerous studies on normal and abnormal connectivity and their role…
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is one of the most important paraclinical tools for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), and monitoring of disease progression and treatment response. This article provides…
MRI is currently the best imaging modality to assess myelin maturation in the human brain. Myelin is the insulator for nerves and is present in both the peripheral nervous system…
Neurodegenerative dementias are characterized by elevated myoinositol and decreased N -acetylaspartate (NAA) levels. The increase in myoinositol seems to precede decreasing NAA levels in Alzheimer’s diseases. NAA/ myo -inositol ratio…
Hypoxic ischemic injuries are a very common clinical situation in the pediatric population. This article focuses on the metabolic signature of hypoxic ischemic injuries and metabolic indicators of prognosis. Key…
Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood. This article focuses on the metabolic signature of common pediatric brain tumors using MR spectroscopic analyses. Key points •…
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) may be helpful in suggesting tumor histology and tumor grade and may better define tumor extension and the ideal site for biopsy compared with conventional…
